![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() SSL hijacking – the attacker generates a fake SSL certificate for the web application, and the victim connects to a cloned or proxy application controlled by the attacker without any certificate warnings.SSL stripping – the attacker tricks the web application into dropping an HTTPS connection and using the insecure HTTP protocol instead, which makes packet sniffing possible.If a website or web application uses exclusively encrypted connections, simple session sniffing won’t do, but there are other tricks that may be attempted. This is especially common for public Wi-Fi networks. In the simplest case, when traffic is not encrypted, you only need a simple sniffer working in the same local network as the client to monitor network traffic for user connections and perform packet sniffing. Session hijacking techniques that rely on MITM attack techniques are called session side-jacking attacks. Eavesdropping on communications – session side-jacking There are three main approaches to session hijacking: eavesdropping on user communication, gaining access to the user’s computer, and gaining access to the user’s browser data. Hijacking TCP/IP sessions is closely related to IP address spoofing – the attacker is trying to take over the existing TCP/IP session between the user and the server, not the web session. Some sources also use the term session hijacking for a completely different cybersecurity topic – TCP session hijacking, which has nothing to do with web application session hijacking. In that sense, session fixation and session prediction may be considered sub-types of session hijacking. Note that session hijacking is often used as an umbrella term for all attacks that lead to malicious hackers getting access to valid session IDs. If session identifiers are short, attackers could even use brute force attacks to guess a valid identifier. If the process is not fully random and the attacker figures out the algorithm, they can generate valid session IDs. Session prediction exploits weaknesses in the way session IDs are generated.The attacker generates a session ID (or has one generated by the web application) and tricks the victim into logging in using this identifier, allowing the attacker to take over the user’s session later. Session fixation uses a different approach to obtain a valid ID.Session hijacking is all about getting an existing session ID from a logged-in user, for example, performing man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks to infiltrate communication between the victim’s browser and the web server or exploiting XSS vulnerabilities to access cookies in the victim’s browser.There are several specific attack techniques targeting sessions: In general, malicious hackers will try to get access to session identifiers to impersonate users and gain access to their accounts/privileges. What attacks are related to session identifiers? As soon as a malicious user knows your session ID, they can get access to your account and use it for further attacks and potential privilege escalation. However, a session identifier has the same weakness as a password: it is only secure while it is secret. If it weren’t for session identifiers, we would have to log in to web applications much more frequently than we do. Since the web browser shares the session cookie with the application in every HTTP request, the application can use the session identifier to recognize a known user. These strings are generated by the application after the user successfully logs in, presented to the user’s browser, and used across different web pages or functions of the application, usually via a session cookie. Session identifiers (SIDs), sometimes called session keys or session tokens, are character strings used to authenticate users in web applications. Attackers can perform session hijacking using techniques that include exploiting cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities, performing man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, or planting malware such as trojans. In a session hijacking attack, the attacker steals the session IDs for a web application by eavesdropping on the communication between a user and an application or by gaining access to the user’s computer or web browser data. ![]() Session hijacking What is session hijacking? ![]()
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